say that the perfect signifies abiding results; such conclusions belong to the realm of theology, not grammar. Diagram 68 The Force of the Perfect Note: The symbol (——) indicates the results of an action. The chart shows that the perfect may be viewed as combining the aspects of both the aorist and present tense. It speaks of completed action (aorist) with existing results (present). The basic question to be asked is which of these aspects is emphasized in a given context. The uses of the perfect
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